@article {17,
	title = {A new encrusting interstitial marine fauna from Brazil},
	journal = {Invertebrate Biology},
	volume = {124},
	year = {2005},
	month = {2005},
	pages = {79-87},
	abstract = {This paper reports the second occurrence of a sand-grain encrusting interstitial epifauna dominated by bryozoans and polychaetes at a site thousands of kilometers from the first described occurrence of such a fauna 20 years ago. Such faunas seem to have gone almost unrecorded in the marine ecological literature, but they are potentially geographically widespread and ecologically significant, deserving recognition and further study by benthic ecologists. Although rooted-erect and free-living lunulitiform, bryozoans can be abundant in soft-bottom habitats, the presence of encrusting forms was, until recently, considered to be limited to patches of hard substrata. In 1985 and 1988, a new and seemingly unique habitat for encrusting bryozoans and other organisms on single grains of shell or sand was reported from the coastal waters of Florida, USA. Here we report a second discovery of an interstitial encrusting fauna from the continental shelf off the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil. In addition to the cupuladriid Discoporella umbellata, several species of bryozoans (9 cheilostomes, 3 ctenostomes, and 1 cyclostome) were found encrusting on or boring into sand grains from the 4 stations examined. Four species were found exclusively on sand to gravel size grains. The most abundant colonies, with similar to 1300-1500 colonies m(-2), belonged to a new species of Cleidochasma. New species of Trypostega. and Reginella, each with up to 200-300 colonies m(-2), were also discovered. The grain-encrusting bryozoans were characterized by their small size, and by the fact that sexual reproduction was initiated very early in colony growth; brood chambers (for the development of embryos into larvae) occurred in colonies having only a few zooids. Colonies of boring ctenostome and cheilostome bryozoans were even more abundant than those of grain encrusting forms, being present in almost every piece of shell (similar to 5000-5500 colonies m-2). The fauna also included representatives of other groups of encrusting organisms, especially tubeworms (11,000-13,000 tubes m(-2)). Planned work on samples from additional stations on the Sao Paulo shelf will no doubt yield a larger number of species from various taxa and perhaps show some overlap in sand fauna species between the Brazilian and Floridian sites. In addition to the unique species of single grain encrusters, colonies of bryozoan species characteristic of larger subtidal hard substrata were also found on sand or gravel size grains, indicating that an interstitial refuge may be available to some epifaunal taxa and suggesting that this interstitial refuge, which remains almost completely unknown to benthic ecologists, may play a large role in determining distributions of those taxa.},
	keywords = {Bryozoa, epifauna, Sao Paulo, soft-bottom benthos},
	issn = {1077-8306 },
	doi = {10.1111/j.1744-7410.2005.1241-10.x},
	author = {Winston, Judith E. and Migotto, Alvaro E.}
}
@article {5,
	title = {Synopsis and annotated checklist of Recent marine Bryozoa from Brazil},
	journal = {Zootaxa},
	volume = {1810},
	year = {2008},
	month = {06/2008},
	pages = {1-39},
	chapter = {1},
	abstract = {We present here a checklist of recent marine bryozoans recorded in the literature from Brazil. The total number of species recorded is 346. The most diverse group is the order Cheilostomata with 271 species, followed by the order Ctenostomata, with 42 species, and the order Cyclostomata, with 33 species. Included in the checklist are records by state and citations for species with synonyms utilized in Brazilian works.},
	keywords = {Brazil, Bryozoa, checklist, marine fauna},
	issn = {1175-5326},
	url = {http://mapress.com/zootaxa/2008/f/z01810p039f.pdf},
	author = {Vieira, Leandro M. and Migotto, Alvaro E. and Winston, Judith E.}
}
@article {4,
	title = {Marcusadorea, a new genus of lepralioid bryozoan from warm waters},
	journal = {Zootaxa},
	volume = {2348},
	year = {2010},
	month = {02/2010},
	pages = {57-68},
	chapter = {57},
	abstract = {A new cheilostome bryozoan genus Marcusadorea (type species Marcusadorea jamaicensis n. sp. from the north coast of Jamaica) is described and illustrated along with a second species, Coleopora corderoi Marcus, 1949 from Southeast Brazil. A third species, Holoporella tubulosa Canu \& Bassler, 1928, described from the Caribbean, but also present in Brazil, is included in this genus and redescribed. At least one Indo-West-Pacific species, "Cosciniopsis" efatensis Tilbrook, 2006, is a congener.},
	keywords = {Bryozoa, Coleopora, new combination, new species, Schizoporelloidea},
	issn = {1175-5326},
	url = {http://mapress.com/zootaxa/2010/f/z02348p068f.pdf},
	author = {Vieira, Leandro M. and Migotto, Alvaro E. and Winston, Judith E.}
}
@article {3,
	title = {Shallow-water species of Beania Johnston, 1840 (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata) from the tropical and subtropical Western Atlantic},
	journal = {Zootaxa},
	volume = {2550},
	year = {2010},
	month = {07/2010},
	pages = {1-20},
	chapter = {1},
	abstract = {This paper describes four new species of the bryozoan genus Beania from the Brazilian coast. Two of them have been previously recorded in the western Atlantic as Beania hirtissima (Heller, 1867) and Beania mirabilis Johnston, 1840, respectively; they are redescribed here as Beania americana n. sp. and Beania mirabilissima n. sp. Two reticulate species, Beania correiae n. sp. and Beania metrii n. sp., are newly described. Descriptions of four other species of Beania from the region are also included: Beania australis Busk, 1852, Beania cupulariensis Osburn, 1914, Beania klugei Cook, 1968 and Beania maxilladentata Ramalho, Muricy \& Taylor, 2010.},
	keywords = {Beania, Beaniidae, biodiversity, Brazil, distribution, new species, taxonomy, western Atlantic},
	issn = {1175-5326},
	url = {http://mapress.com/zootaxa/2010/f/z02550p020f.pdf},
	author = {Vieira, Leandro M. and Migotto, Alvaro E. and Winston, Judith E.}
}
